How to Minister to Hurting People

In April 2023, I had a snowboarding accident that changed my life. I broke both my legs and shattered my right ankle. Over the months that followed, I underwent three surgeries, including reconstructive surgery. I spent time in a wheelchair and then progressed to a walker and crutches as I started to walk again.

I am grateful that I can walk. But I am also permanently handicapped. I won’t run again. I can’t jump or move quickly, and I still frequently need crutches and use mobility devices. Pain and physical limitations are now part of my everyday life.

At the same time, there have been some meaningful signs of progress. I am able to cycle, which has become an important mental and physical outlet for me. Cycling puts enough pressure on my ankle to be therapeutic without causing further damage. It is also something I can be good at—and when I am riding my bike, I don’t feel handicapped.

I have even been able to snowboard again, although with significant limitations. I can really only use my heel-side edge, and riding causes considerable pain. But being back on the mountain matters to me, and that pain is a price I am willing to pay.

Throughout my injury and recovery, many people cared for me and my family in beautiful ways. They brought meals, prayed for us, visited me, and helped with practical needs. I remain deeply grateful for the love we received.

There were also moments when kind and well-intentioned people said things that were not especially helpful. I don’t fault them for that. When someone is hurting, many of us don’t know how to respond. Sometimes people avoid the hurting person, or they minimize their pain by saying it could have been worse, or by offering reassurances they can’t guarantee. Another common response is trying to explain why God must have allowed it to happen.

My experience has made me think more carefully about how we minister to people who are suffering. Here are a few things I have learned.

1. Don’t Ignore It

When someone has experienced a tragedy, disability, death, diagnosis, or other major loss, we may be tempted to remain silent because we are afraid of saying the wrong thing. Maybe you assume the person “needs space.” But silence can unintentionally communicate indifference. Saying something is always better than pretending nothing happened.

You do not need profound words. Your words aren’t going to fix the situation – but your lack of acknowledgement can cause offense. Acknowledgement of the person’s pain, on the other hand, will be meaningful – perhaps very meaningful.

A simple statement such as, “I’m so sorry to hear about what happened,” can mean a great deal. It acknowledges the reality of what they are carrying, and it opens the door for them to share with you, if they want to. If you promise to pray for the person, do it! God will hear you, and it will help you process things as well.

The Bible tells us to “weep with those who weep” (Romans 12:15). That does not require us to understand everything they are experiencing or to know how their story will unfold. It simply calls us to enter, in some measure, into their sorrow.

2. Don’t Minimize or Try to Explain Their Pain

Christians sometimes feel a particular pressure to attach a spiritual explanation to suffering. We may say, “[This or that] must be why God allowed this to happen,” or, “God is going to use this in an amazing way.” We may promise, “It’s going to be okay.”

Those statements are usually motivated by faith and kindness. Some may even prove true in time. But in the immediate aftermath of suffering, they can sound like a trite attempt to tidy up something that is still devastatingly messy.

We should be cautious about claiming to know why God has allowed a particular trial. Scripture assures us that God is good, sovereign, and able to work through suffering – but that does not authorize us to explain every painful event from God’s perspective.

The most cathartic thing someone said to me after my injury was: “That really sucks. I’m sorry. How are you feeling about it?” It did not minimize the loss, rush toward a resolution, or turn the conversation into a theological lesson. It gave me room to be honest.

Sometimes the most spiritual thing you can do is acknowledge that something is truly terrible and then listen. The Bible addresses suffering with incredible intellectual integrity; it say that bad things are genuinely bad – so bad that God himself had to come to rescue us from it and make all things right.

3. Be Willing to Sit with Someone in Their Lament

When I was in the height of my pain after my accident, I had a visitor who stated that, when they came to visit me, all I did was complain. They felt that this brought undue negativity into their day. I’m sure they were right about me complaining; I was grieving the loss of abilities I had assumed I would possess for the rest of my life. I was in pain, on medication, dependent on others, and uncertain about my future. I thought I could process that grief with them.

Hurting people do not always need correction or a more positive perspective. Sometimes they need the freedom to say, “This hurts. I hate this. I don’t understand why this happened.”

The Psalms show us that God is not threatened by honest lament. Again and again, faithful people bring Him their confusion, frustration, sorrow, and even their complaints. God is willing to listen to hurting people lament; we should be willing to do the same.

Job’s friends did their best ministry before they began offering explanations. They sat with him in silence for seven days because they saw that his suffering was very great (Job 2:13). Their problems began when they tried to explain what had happened and why.

Listening is not inactivity. It is a ministry of presence. It tells the hurting person, “You don’t have to carry this moment alone.”

4. Remember the Anniversaries

The date of a traumatic event often remains significant long after everyone else has moved on. An anniversary not only brings back memories of what happened – sometimes it causes wounds to be reopened and hurt again. On the one year anniversary of my accident, I remember being very discouraged by that milestone – that I wasn’t further along in recovery. That feeling hasn’t gone away with subsequent anniversaries.

Remembering the date and sending a brief message can be a meaningful act of love. You might simply say, “I know this week may be difficult, and I wanted you to know that I’m thinking about you and praying for you.”

By remembering, you communicate that their pain and their story have not been forgotten.

5. Keep Checking In

In the early days of a crisis, support often arrives in abundance. People bring meals, send messages, visit, and offer help. Over time, however, the initial wave of care naturally recedes. Everyone returns to the demands of ordinary life.

But for the person who has been injured, bereaved, or diagnosed – “ordinary life” may never fully return.

This is why it matters to check in after the meal train has ended, after the hospital visits have stopped, and after the situation is no longer new. A message several months later can be especially meaningful: “How are you doing with everything now?” or, “I know this is still affecting your life. How can I pray for you?”

Galatians 6:2 tells us, “Bear one another’s burdens, and so fulfill the law of Christ.” Some burdens are not carried for a week or a month. Loving people well means recognizing that the need for companionship may last much longer than the crisis itself.

The Ministry of Presence

Ministering to hurting people does not require perfect words. It requires humility, compassion, patience, and a willingness to be present.

We do not have to explain their suffering. We do not have to make it sound less painful than it is. We do not have to force a redemptive lesson before they have had time to grieve. We can acknowledge what happened, sit with them in it, listen to what they need to say, and continue loving them after others have moved on.

A friend of mine, who also suffered a terrible accident, told me after my accident: “People are going to ask you what God is teaching you through this. One day, you will know the answer to that question, but it will take some time for it to be clear. Right now, this is a terrible thing you have to go through; don’t feel pressured to figure out what God is doing through this.” He was right. I have learned things through this, primarily about the nature of life, empathy for hurting people, and my own limitations and how they relate to dependance on God.

Jesus did not remain distant from human suffering. He entered into it. He wept with those who mourned, showed compassion to those in pain, and bore our griefs and sorrows Himself. When we draw near to hurting people with gentleness and patient love, we reflect something of His heart.

Does God Care About Your Happiness?

Why is happiness so difficult to find—and does God actually care whether we are happy?

On this episode of the Theology for the People Podcast, I speak with Jen Oshman to discuss her book Why Is It So Hard to Be Happy? Together, we examine the common – and in my opinion, somewhat incorrect – Christian distinction between happiness and joy, what the Bible means when it calls people “blessed,” and why Scripture presents God himself as happy and as the source of genuine happiness.

We also explore seven practices that psychologists associate with greater happiness, why those practices echo biblical wisdom, and what the Apostle Paul discovered that surpasses them all. According to Paul, even the best circumstances, achievements, and habits cannot compare with the surpassing worth of knowing Jesus Christ and being found in him.

Is God indifferent to our happiness—or is he eager to make us happy in himself?

Jen Oshman is an author, speaker, and former missionary in Japan and the Czech Republic. Learn more about her work at jenoshman.com.

In this episode:

  • Why Christians should be the happiest people
  • What happiness actually is
  • Whether happiness and joy are truly different
  • Why makarios can be translated “happy”
  • What psychology gets right about human flourishing
  • Why good habits cannot satisfy our deepest longings
  • How expectations contribute to disappointment

Watch or Listen to the Episode Here:

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Click here to listen to the episode, or listen in the embedded player below.

Does God Care About Your Happiness? – with Jen Oshman Theology for the People

Why is happiness so difficult to find—and does God actually care whether we are happy?Jen Oshman joins Nick Cady to discuss her book Why Is It So Hard to Be Happy? Together, they examine the common Christian distinction between happiness and joy, what the Bible means when it calls people “blessed,” and why Scripture presents God himself as the source of genuine happiness.They also explore seven practices that psychologists associate with greater happiness, why those practices echo biblical wisdom, and what the Apostle Paul discovered that surpasses them all. According to Paul, even the best circumstances, achievements, and habits cannot compare with the surpassing worth of knowing Jesus Christ and being found in him.Is God indifferent to our happiness—or is he eager to make us happy in himself?Jen Oshman is an author, speaker, and former missionary in Japan and the Czech Republic. Learn more about her work at jenoshman.com.In this episode:What happiness actually isWhether happiness and joy are truly differentWhy makarios can be translated “happy”What psychology gets right about human flourishingWhy good habits cannot satisfy our deepest longingsHow expectations contribute to disappointmentWhy Christians should be the happiest people

Watch on YouTube here:

“Christ in You” or the Holy Spirit Indwelling?

There is a page on this site where readers can submit questions or suggest topics. Recently I received the following question:

Some scriptures refer to Christ being in those who believe. But Jesus said that he would send the Holy Spirit to dwell in us. Could you please help me understand these two seemingly contradictory statements?

If we examine the passages in which these statements are made, we discover the beauty of the Trinity and the reality of God’s presence indwelling those who believe, which is the fulfillment of a promise made by the prophets and realized through the coming of Jesus, the Messiah.

On the night before His crucifixion, Jesus told His disciples that He would be leaving them physically when He ascended to the Father after His death and resurrection. Jesus then promised that the Holy Spirit would come and dwell in them (John 14:16-17). But Jesus also said, “I will not leave you as orphans; I will come to you” (John 14:18), and He also spoke of both Himself and the Father making their home with believers (John 14:23).

“If anyone loves me, he will keep my word, and my Father will love him, and we will come to him and make our home with him” (John 14:23)

So when the New Testament speaks of “Christ in you” (Colossians 1:27; Galatians 2:20), it doesn’t mean that Jesus is physically living inside us. Rather, the risen Christ is present in us through the indwelling Holy Spirit. In fact, Romans 8:9-10 moves almost seamlessly between the phrases “Spirit of God,” “Spirit of Christ,” and “Christ in you.”

In Ephesians 1, Paul tells us that when we believe, we are “sealed” with the Holy Spirit, who is “the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it” (Ephesians 1:13–14). Similarly, in 1 Corinthians 3:16, Paul says that “God’s Spirit dwells in you.” And in Galatians 4:6, the Holy Spirit who has been given to us is called “the Spirit of [God’s] Son.”

So I would put it like this: Jesus is physically at the right hand of the Father, but He is spiritually present with and in His people through the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit doesn’t replace Jesus; He brings us into communion with Jesus and makes the presence of Christ a reality in our lives.

The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are distinct persons, yet they are one God. So, the coming of the Holy Spirit does not mean that Jesus has become absent from His people. Rather, through the indwelling Holy Spirit, believers experience the presence of the Father and the Son.

That’s why Jesus could say it was better for Him to go away (John 16:7). While He was physically on earth, Jesus was limited to being in one place at a time. By the Holy Spirit, He is now present with every believer, all the time, all over the world, wherever they go.

Prophetic Fulfillment

In the Old Testament, God promised that a day would come when He would dwell with His people in a new and intimate way. Through the prophet Ezekiel, God promised, “I will put my Spirit within you” (Ezekiel 36:27). Jeremiah similarly spoke of a new covenant in which God’s law would no longer merely be external, but would be written on the hearts of His people (Jeremiah 31:31–34).

During His earthly ministry, Jesus was physically present with His followers, but by sending the Holy Spirit to indwell believers, God is no longer simply dwelling among His people; He is also dwelling within His people.

This indwelling of the Holy Spirit represents a significant milestone in redemption history. In the Old Testament, God’s people experienced the Holy Spirit with them, and sometime upon them for empowerment – but through Jesus, the promised New Covenant gift of the Spirit has now been poured out upon all who believe, so that every believer is indwelt by the Spirit. (Read more about the Three Relationships with the Holy Spirit here)

Conclusion

The language of “Christ in you” does not contradict the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, rather it describes the incredible reality that, through the Spirit, God has made His home in us who believe.

New Book: The Study Guide for “The God I Won’t Believe In” is Available Now

When I published The God I Won’t Believe In: Facing Nine Common Barriers to Embracing Christianity a few years ago, I hoped it would help people who were wrestling with difficult questions about the Christian faith. I also hoped it would equip Christians to have thoughtful, gracious conversations with friends and family who were asking those same questions.

Since its release, I’ve been encouraged to hear from readers around the world. But one of the most common questions I’ve received from pastors, youth leaders, and small group leaders has been: “Do you have a study guide?”

The answer is now, “Yes!” It is available here online, and in the Book Shop at White Fields Church.

A Resource Years in the Making

Shortly after the book was published, our Youth Ministry at White Fields Community Church spent nine weeks working through it together. I worked with our youth leaders to create a curriculum that would be engaging and helpful to small groups, both for youth and adults.

Over those nine weeks, we found that that students resonated with the questions discussed in the books, and we had honest and thoughtful discussions. As we worked through the material together, I was able to test out and adapt the discussion questions and activities into a study guide.

But then… life happened, and the documents we had created sat in a folder on my computer for years while other ministry responsibilities took priority.

Earlier this year, a few church leaders reached out looking for curriculum material, and I mentioned that I had created a study guide for my book, but it wasn’t finalized or published yet. Those requests, along with a little bit of time away from the pulpit, gave me the motivation to finally get this study guide over the finish line and out to the public.

Why I Wrote This Book—and This Study Guide

One of the convictions that shaped both the book and this study guide is simple: Questions are not the enemy of faith.

Throughout Scripture, we find people asking difficult questions. Abraham questioned God about justice. Moses questioned God’s plan. Job questioned God’s purposes. David poured out his doubts in the Psalms. Even John the Baptist wrestled with questions about Jesus.

The Bible doesn’t hide those struggles.

I’ve become increasingly convinced that one of the best things the church can do is create spaces where people can ask honest questions and explore them together in light of Scripture.

Christianity isn’t threatened by honest investigation.

If Jesus is who He claimed to be, and the Bible is true, then every sincere question is worth exploring because the answers will lead us to deeper faith.

What’s Included in the Study Guide

The study guide is designed to be used over nine weeks and accompanies each chapter of the book.

Every session includes:

  • A Big Question
  • An Opening Activity
  • A Chapter Summary
  • Discussion Questions
  • Scripture Reflection
  • Personal Application
  • A Weekly Challenge
  • A Memory Verse
  • Leader Tips

It’s designed for:

  • Small groups
  • Youth groups
  • Discipleship relationships
  • Sunday school classes
  • Personal study

Whether you’re a believer looking for a study guide to strengthen your faith, or a church leader looking for a discussion guide, or a person wanting to investigate Christianity – my hope is that this resource will help you engage these topics thoughtfully and, ultimately, help you know and trust Jesus more deeply.

Available Now

The study guide is available now online in both paperback and Kindle versions, and is designed to be used alongside The God I Won’t Believe In: Facing Nine Common Barriers to Embracing Christianity.

I am able to provide bulk discounts for those wanting to use it in church or small groups. You can contact me using the contact form on this website, or by reaching out to White Fields Community Church.

If you use it in your church or small group, I’d love to hear how it goes. Stories of how God uses these resources are one of the greatest encouragements to keep writing.

Thank you to everyone who encouraged me to finish this project. I hope it serves you well!

Understanding the Filioque Controversy: Politics, Theology, and the Divide Between Eastern & Western Christianity

What does it mean that the Holy Spirit “proceeds from the Father” — and why did adding “and the Son” (Filioque), lead to one of the greatest divisions in church history?

I recently wrote two articles; one on the question of what it means that Jesus is the “begotten” Son of God, and the other on what it means that the Holy Spirit “proceeds” from the Father (and maybe the Son!). You can find those articles here:

These questions have to do what theologians call the “Eternal Generation” (of the Son) and the “Eternal Procession” (of the Holy Spirit). The question of the Holy Spirit gets into one of the fiercest theological debates in history; one which played a major role in the division between Eastern and Western Christianity (Orthodox vs. Roman Catholic).

In this episode of the Theology for the People Podcast, I speak with Shane Angland to unpack the history, theology, and ongoing significance of the Filioque controversy.

Together, we explore the origins of the Nicene Creed, the debates at the Council of Constantinople (381), and why the Western church added the Filioque clause.

We also discuss:
• The difference between eternal procession and the mission of the Spirit
• Why the East and West approach theology differently
• The role of language (Greek vs. Latin) in shaping doctrine
• How politics—not just theology—deepened the divide
• Whether this issue still matters for Christians today

If you’ve ever wondered why theology can get so complex—or why it actually matters—this episode will help you see that these debates aren’t just academic, they’re about faithfully understanding who God is.

Watch or Listen to the Episode Here:

Follow Theology for the People on YouTube⁠https://www.youtube.com/@theologyforthepeople

Click here to listen to the episode, or listen in the embedded player below.

Understanding the Filioque Controversy – with Shane Angland Theology for the People

What does it mean that the Holy Spirit “proceeds from the Father” — and why did adding “and the Son” (Filioque), lead to one of the greatest divisions in church history?In this episode of Theology for the People, Nick Cady is joined by Shane Angland to unpack the history, theology, and ongoing significance of the Filioque controversy. Together, they explore the origins of the Nicene Creed, the debates at the Council of Constantinople (381), and why the Western church added the Filioque clause.They also discuss:The difference between eternal procession and the mission of the SpiritWhy the East and West approach theology differentlyThe role of language (Greek vs. Latin) in shaping doctrineHow politics—not just theology—deepened the divideWhether this issue still matters for Christians todayIf you’ve ever wondered why theology can get so complex—or why it actually matters—this episode will help you see that these debates aren’t just academic, they’re about faithfully understanding who God is.Visit the Theology for the People blog at nickcady.org

Watch on YouTube here:

John Owen: Who He Was and How His Ideas Compare to Other Theologians

What happens when we read a theologian like John Owen alongside voices from across church history?

In this episode of the Theology for the People Podcast, I speak with Kelly Kapic and Ty Kieser, theologians and authors of Owen Among the Theologians: Conversations Across the Christian Tradition.

In this conversation, we explore:
• Why theology is best done in conversation, not isolation
• How John Owen interacts with figures like Bernard of Clairvaux and Karl Barth
• Whether the Song of Songs should be read as a love poem, an allegory of Christ, or both
• Karl Barth’s radically Christ-centered theology—and why it both attracts and unsettles evangelicals
• How engaging other traditions can deepen our understanding of Scripture

Ty and Kelly argue that faithful theology requires both conviction and humility: learning from the broader Christian tradition while remaining rooted in the authority of Scripture.

If you’ve ever wondered how to engage theological voices outside your tradition without compromising your convictions, this episode will help you think more deeply and faithfully.

Watch or Listen to the Episode Here:

Follow Theology for the People on YouTube⁠https://www.youtube.com/@theologyforthepeople

Click here to listen to the episode, or listen in the embedded player below.

John Owen: Who He Was & How His Ideas Compare to Other Theologians Theology for the People

What happens when we read a theologian like John Owen alongside voices from across church history?In this episode of Theology for the People, Nick Cady interviews Kelly Kapic and Ty Kieser, authors of Owen Among the Theologians: Conversations Across the Christian Tradition.In this conversation, we explore:Why theology is best done in conversation, not isolationHow John Owen interacts with figures like Bernard of Clairvaux and Karl BarthWhether the Song of Songs should be read as a love poem, an allegory of Christ, or bothKarl Barth’s radically Christ-centered theology—and why it both attracts and unsettles evangelicalsHow engaging other traditions can deepen our understanding of ScriptureKapic and Kieser argue that faithful theology requires both conviction and humility: learning from the broader Christian tradition while remaining rooted in the authority of Scripture.If you’ve ever wondered how to engage theological voices outside your tradition without compromising your convictions, this episode will help you think more deeply and faithfully.

Watch on YouTube here:

Critical Theory vs. Christianity: Competing Visions of Reality

In this episode of the Theology for the People Podcast, I speak with theologian and professor Bradley Green to unpack one of the most commonly mentioned but rarely understood ideas in today’s cultural moment: critical theory.

Many people have heard of critical race theory—but Green explains that critical theory is actually a much older and broader worldview rooted in Marxist thought and developed by the Frankfurt School. More than just a social theory, Green argues that critical theory functions as a kind of alternative theology—with its own views of reality, sin, and redemption.

In this conversation, you’ll learn:
• The distinction between critical theory as a whole, and critical race theory specifically
• How Marxism evolved from economics into cultural Marxism
• Why critical theory focuses on oppression and liberation
• What Green means by calling critical theory a “Christian heresy”
• How critical theory borrows from—and distorts—biblical categories like creation, sin, and redemption
• Why institutions like family and church are viewed as oppressive within this framework
• What Christians can affirm, critique, and learn from critical theory
• Why the gospel offers a better and more complete answer

Bradley also highlights an important insight: while critical theory correctly identifies that something is wrong in the world, it ultimately misdiagnoses the root problem—and therefore offers a flawed solution.

If you’ve ever wondered how to think clearly—and biblically—about critical theory, this episode will give you helpful categories and clarity.

Watch or Listen to the Episode Here:

Follow Theology for the People on YouTube⁠https://www.youtube.com/@theologyforthepeople

Click here to listen to the episode, or listen in the embedded player below.

Critical Theory vs. Christianity: Competing Visions of Reality Theology for the People

In this episode of Theology for the People, Nick Cady sits down with theologian and professor Bradley Green to unpack one of the most commonly mentioned but rarely understood ideas in today’s cultural moment: critical theory.Many people have heard of critical race theory—but Green explains that critical theory is actually a much older and broader worldview rooted in Marxist thought and developed by the Frankfurt School. More than just a social theory, Green argues that critical theory functions as a kind of alternative theology—with its own views of reality, sin, and redemption.In this conversation, you’ll learn:The distinction between critical theory as a whole, and critical race theory specificallyHow Marxism evolved from economics into cultural MarxismWhy critical theory focuses on oppression and liberationWhat Green means by calling critical theory a “Christian heresy”How critical theory borrows from—and distorts—biblical categories like creation, sin, and redemptionWhy institutions like family and church are viewed as oppressive within this frameworkWhat Christians can affirm, critique, and learn from critical theoryWhy the gospel offers a better and more complete answerGreen also highlights an important insight: while critical theory correctly identifies that something is wrong in the world, it ultimately misdiagnoses the root problem—and therefore offers a flawed solution.If you’ve ever wondered how to think clearly—and biblically—about critical theory, this episode will give you helpful categories and clarity.

Watch on YouTube here:

How Repentance Transforms Your Life and Relationships

What if repentance isn’t something to dread, but something to celebrate?

In this episode of the Theology for the People Podcast, I speak with author and pastor Chris Brauns to talk about his new book The Way of Repentance: Embracing God’s Gift for a Transformed Life.

For many people, the word “repentance” seems negative, but the Bible presents repentance not as a burden, but as a gift that leads to life, freedom, and joy.

In this episode we explore:

  • The difference between worldly sorrow and true repentance
  • How repentance is both grief and joy at the same time
  • Why repentance is a gift that God gives
  • How to get out of a rut when you feel stuck in cycles of sin
  • What repentance looks like in everyday life
  • How repentance transforms our relationships and character

We also discuss powerful biblical examples—from the prodigal son to Judah—and how repentance is not just the way into the Christian life, but the way we continue walking with Jesus.

If you’ve ever struggled with guilt, felt stuck in sin, or misunderstood repentance, this conversation will help you see it as a pathway to deeper joy in Christ.

Watch or Listen to the Episode Here:

Follow Theology for the People on YouTube⁠https://www.youtube.com/@theologyforthepeople

Click here to listen to the episode, or listen in the embedded player below.

How Repentance Transforms Your Life and Relationships Theology for the People

What if repentance isn’t something to dread—but something to celebrate?In this episode of Theology for the People, host Nick Cady sits down with author and pastor Chris Brauns to talk about his new book The Way of Repentance: Embracing God’s Gift for a Transformed Life.For many people, the word “repentance” seems negative, but the Bible presents repentance not as a burden, but as a gift that leads to life, freedom, and joy.In this episode we explore:The difference between worldly sorrow and true repentanceHow repentance is both grief and joy at the same timeWhy repentance is a gift that God givesHow to get out of a rut when you feel stuck in cycles of sinWhat repentance looks like in everyday lifeHow repentance transforms our relationships and characterWe also discuss powerful biblical examples—from the prodigal son to Judah—and how repentance is not just the way into the Christian life, but the way we continue walking with Jesus.👉 If you’ve ever struggled with guilt, felt stuck in sin, or misunderstood repentance, this conversation will help you see it as a pathway to deeper joy in Christ.

This episode is audio only for the safety of the people to whom Matt ministers, but the audio can be found on YouTube here:

What Does It Mean that Jesus is the “Begotten” Son of God?

I recently received this comment on my post titled What Does It Mean that Jesus is the Son of God?:

One definition of “begotten” is to create or produce, to bring into existence. 

If God and Jesus are both eternal, and they have no beginning of existence and no end of existence, how is Jesus God’s begotten son?

The answer to this question lies in understanding the Greek word translated “begotten” and the attempt to explain something important that challenges the limits of human language.

“Begotten” Does Not Mean “Created”

When the early church clarified its beliefs about Jesus at the Council of Nicaea (325 AD), it used a very precise phrase:

γεννηθέντα, οὐ ποιηθέντα (gennēthenta, ou poiēthenta) = “Begotten, not made.”

That phrase is crucial.

  • “Made” means created—something that comes into existence
  • “Begotten” means sharing the same nature as the one who begets
  • gennaō (γεννάω) = “to beget” implies the same nature
  • poieō (ποιέω) = “to make” implies a different nature

So when Christians say Jesus is begotten, they are explicitly saying that He is not a created being.

This language was chosen in response to teachers like Arius, who argued that the Son (Jesus) was a created being. The church’s answer was clear: Jesus is not made—He is begotten.

Why Say that Jesus is “Begotten” at All?

We get this language from the Bible, and from Jesus’ own words. For this reason, it’s important that we not dismiss them, but receive them and try to understand them.

In passages like John 1:14, 1:18, and 3:16, Jesus is called the “only begotten Son.”

The Greek word behind this phrase is: μονογενής (monogenēs)

While it has traditionally been translated in English as “only begotten,” its meaning is slightly different. It most directly means: “one of a kind,” “unique,” or “only one of His kind”

So when John calls Jesus the monogenēs Son, he is emphasizing that:

  • Jesus is the unique Son of God
  • He is not one Son among many
  • He is the Son in a completely different category

This fits with what the creed later clarifies: Jesus is not just another “child of God” – He is the Son of God in a way that no one else is.

“Begotten” Speaks of Relationship, Not Beginning

Theologians have used the phrase “eternal generation” to describe this truth:

  • The Father is eternally Father
  • The Son is eternally Son
  • The Son is from the Father—but not after the Father

In other words: There was never a time when the Son did not exist. So “begotten” does not describe a moment in time, but rather an eternal relationship within the Godhead.

Why Not Just Say “Born”?

The Greek word gennaō can also be translated “born,” so this raises a question about why English translations of the Bible and creeds use the word “begotten” instead?

The reason is an attempt at theological precision.

  • “Born” tends to imply a moment in time
  • “Begotten” emphasizes shared nature, without implying that there was a “starting point” when it began.

So, begotten is carefully chosen to preserve the idea that the Son is unique and that He shares in the Father’s nature, but was not created.

The Unique Son: Jesus Is the Son by Nature; We Become Sons by Adoption

This brings us to an important distinction. The Bible says that we become sons or children of God through faith in Jesus (John 1:12, 1 John 3:1)

As sons of God, we share in the inheritance which is ours as sons, and Jesus is our brother. But there is a difference between the way that we are sons of God and the way that Jesus is the Son of God.

  • Jesus is the only begotten Son
  • Believers are adopted as sons (Romans 8:15; Galatians 4:4–7)

Jesus is:

  • Son by nature
  • Eternal
  • Shares the same divine essence as the Father

We (believers) are:

  • Sons and daughters by adoption
  • Not sons from eternity past, but:
  • Brought into God’s family by grace

John 1:12 says: “But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God”

We become children of God. Jesus never became the Son, He has always been the unique Son of God – in a way that no one else is or ever will be.

Why This Matters

This isn’t just a technical theological point, it’s actually essential to the gospel.

If Jesus were made, then He would be a creature. But if Jesus is “begotten, not made,” then He is fully God.

And that matters because:

  • Only God can fully reveal God
  • Only God can truly save

The message of the gospel is that the eternal Son of God came to us, so that we, who are not sons by nature, might become sons by grace.

Going Deeper: “Eternal Generation” versus “Procession”

The doctrine of “Eternal Generation” is the way that theologians explain some of the passages in the Bible which describe the Son as being from the Father, while not being created by the Father. This is different from “procession,” which is the term traditionally used for the Holy Spirit.

For more on that, read: What Does It Mean that the Holy Spirit “Proceeds” From the Father (and the Son)?

But as for the Son coming from the Father, consider these examples:

  • “And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.” (John 1:14)
  • “For as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted the Son also to have life in himself.” (John 5:26)
  • “He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power.” (Hebrews 1:3a)
  • “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” (John 1:1)

The Bible describes the Son as being “from” the Father, but not as a created being or someone who came into existence at some point—rather, as the eternal Son who has always been in perfect relationship with the Father.

Here are four basic assertions about the Trinity that are universally accepted by Christians [1]:

  1. There is one and only one true and living God.
  2. This one God eternally exists in three Persons—God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit.
  3. These three Persons are completely equal in attributes, each sharing the same divine nature.
  4. While each Person is fully and completely God, the Persons are not identical.

It is in an attempt to write down what the Bible, and Jesus Himself stated regarding the nature of God, that we use the terms “begotten” and explain it using the language of “eternal generation.”

Resources for Further Study

Worship and Music: Nine Healthy Biblical Tensions – with Michael Payne

In this episode of the Theology for the People Podcast, I speak with Michael Payne, Worship Pastor at White Fields Community Church, to talk about what makes worship in the church both biblical and healthy.

Drawing from the insights of Worship Matters by Bob Kauflin, they explore 9 essential tensions that every church must navigate when it comes to worship and music.

What does it look like to be:

  • Spirit-led and Scripture-rooted?
  • Emotionally expressive and doctrinally grounded?
  • Skilled and sincere?

Rather than choosing one side or the other, healthy worship holds these tensions together in a way that honors God and serves the church.

Whether you’re a pastor, worship leader, musician, or church member, this conversation will help you think more clearly about what worship is—and what it’s for.

👉 Topics include:

  • The purpose of music in gathered worship
  • Balancing excellence and authenticity
  • Choosing songs that shape theology
  • Leading people, not just performing for them
  • Why tension is not a problem—but a necessity

If you care about Christ-centered, congregational worship, this episode is for you.

Watch or Listen to the Episode Here:

Follow Theology for the People on YouTube⁠https://www.youtube.com/@theologyforthepeople

Click here to listen to the episode, or listen in the embedded player below.

Worship and Music: Nine Healthy Biblical Tensions Theology for the People

In this episode of Theology for the People, host Nick Cady sits down with Michael Payne, Worship Pastor at White Fields Community Church, to talk about what makes worship in the church both biblical and healthy.Drawing from the insights of "Worship Matters" by Bob Kauflin, they explore 9 essential tensions that every church must navigate when it comes to worship and music.What does it look like to be:Spirit-led and Scripture-rooted?Emotionally expressive and doctrinally grounded?Skilled and sincere?Rather than choosing one side or the other, healthy worship holds these tensions together in a way that honors God and serves the church.Whether you're a pastor, worship leader, musician, or church member, this conversation will help you think more clearly about what worship is—and what it’s for.👉 Topics include:The purpose of music in gathered worshipBalancing excellence and authenticityChoosing songs that shape theologyLeading people, not just performing for themWhy tension is not a problem—but a necessityIf you care about Christ-centered, congregational worship, this episode is for you.

This episode is audio only for the safety of the people to whom Matt ministers, but the audio can be found on YouTube here: